Common Terms Used in Window Replacement: A Homeowner’s Guide


Replacing windows in your home can seem overwhelming, especially if you’re not familiar with the terminology. Understanding the common terms used in window replacement can help you make informed decisions, communicate effectively with contractors, and avoid costly mistakes.

In this guide, we’ll break down the most frequently used terms in window replacement and explain what they mean in plain English.

1. Types of Windows

Double-Hung Windows

  • These windows have two sashes that slide up and down. You can open either the top or bottom sash for ventilation.

Casement Windows

  • Hinged at the side, these windows open outward like a door using a crank handle. They are excellent for airflow and tight seals.

Sliding Windows

  • The sash slides horizontally to open. Common in modern homes and easy to operate.

Awning Windows

  • Hinged at the top and open outward, perfect for letting in air even during rain.

Bay and Bow Windows

  • Bay windows typically have three panels that project outward. Bow windows usually have four or more panels forming a gentle curve, adding extra interior space and light.

2. Window Frame Terms

Sash

  • The movable part of the window that holds the glass.

Mullion

  • The vertical or horizontal bars that divide the window into smaller panes.

Jamb

  • The sides of the window frame that the sash slides or fits into.

Head and Sill

  • The head is the top horizontal part of the frame; the sill is the bottom horizontal part.

Glazing

  • The glass part of the window, which may be single, double, or triple pane.

3. Energy Efficiency Terms

Low-E Glass (Low Emissivity)

  • Glass with a special coating that reflects heat, helping your home stay cooler in summer and warmer in winter.

U-Factor

  • Measures how well a window insulates. Lower numbers mean better insulation.

Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)

  • Indicates how much heat from the sun enters through the window. Lower SHGC helps keep your home cooler in hot climates.

Argon or Krypton Gas

  • Inert gases placed between panes of glass to improve insulation.

4. Installation and Replacement Terms

Retrofit (Insert) Window

  • Installed into an existing frame without removing the exterior siding or trim.

Full-Frame Replacement

  • Involves removing the entire window, including the frame, and installing a new one. Often used when the frame is damaged or outdated.

Rough Opening

  • The opening in the wall where the new window will be installed.

Flashing

  • Materials used to prevent water from seeping around the window and causing leaks.

5. Other Useful Terms

Tempered Glass

  • Safety glass that breaks into small pieces instead of sharp shards, often used in bathrooms or doors.

Grilles or Grids

  • Decorative bars inside or between panes that give windows a traditional look.

Screen

  • Mesh panels that prevent insects from entering while allowing airflow.

Weatherstripping

  • Seals around the window that prevent drafts and improve energy efficiency.

6. Tips for Homeowners

  • Ask your contractor to explain unfamiliar terms—don’t hesitate to get clarification.

  • Know the energy efficiency ratings (U-factor and SHGC) for your climate zone.

  • Decide on frame materials: vinyl, wood, aluminum, or composite each have pros and cons.

  • Check warranty coverage: some manufacturers offer extended warranties on glass, frames, and installation.

Conclusion

Understanding common window replacement terms empowers you to make informed decisions and communicate effectively with contractors. Whether you’re replacing a single window or updating your entire home, knowing these terms helps ensure a smoother, more successful project.


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